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Three different situations
Work authorization in the United States comes in different forms, and confusing them causes serious problems, including unauthorized employment.
- Authorized incident to status: some classifications carry work authorization automatically, without a separate card.
- Employer-specific authorization: some classifications permit work only for the petitioning employer.
- Application-based: certain categories may apply for an Employment Authorization Document using Form I-765.
Timing and renewals
Eligibility categories, validity periods, and any automatic extension provisions are set by regulation and can change. File renewals within the window described in the current form instructions, and keep evidence of timely filing.
Unauthorized employment can affect future eligibility for benefits, sometimes severely. When in doubt, confirm your authorization before starting work.